Several ancient archaeological sites and stories show that the Vikings set foot on American soil centuries before the arrival of Christopher Columbus. The Viking settlement discovered at L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, Canada and Icelandic medieval texts as the Saga of the Greenlanders, written in 1200 and the Saga of Erik the Red, 1260, suggest that these tireless explorers began arriving the U.S. coast from the tenth century
A team of scientists, including Lalueza-Fox Carles and Federico Sánchez Fifth, researchers at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology joint center of the UPF and the CSIC, in conjunction with the University of Iceland and Genetics CODE biopharmaceutical company, both in Reykjavík have been discovered for the first time this pre-Columbian presence also has a genetic basis . The work has been published in the journal American Journal of Physical Anthropology .
The team of experts has found the answer in the genetic analysis of four Icelandic families that currently constitute a group of 80 people. Until now it was known that genes of the present inhabitants of the island came from Scandinavia, Scotland and Ireland, but were unaware that the source was more distant.
Amerindian A trace was introduced by a woman.
Scientists have found a genetic lineage of Amerindian origin and pedigrees have been reconstructed up to four ancestors near 1700. If you are from a single ancestor, it is clear that must be placed before that date. The lineage found
called C1e , is also mitochondrial , which means that these genes were introduced in Iceland by a woman . "As the island was virtually isolated from the tenth century, the most likely hypothesis is that these genes correspond to an Amerindian woman who was brought from America by the Vikings around 1000, "said Lalueza-Fox." Curiously, this fact would have been hidden by the fact of being a woman, an anonymous person, "adds the researcher of IBE, co-author.
The study stems from the finding, four years ago, four Icelandic persons with a mitochondrial lineage C typical of Native Americans and East Asia and instead absent in Europe.
"At first it was thought coming from newly established Asian families in Iceland, but when family pedigrees were studied, it was discovered that the four families came from four ancestors located between 1710 and 1740, all from the same region of Iceland, near the huge Vatnajökull glacier, "says the researcher IBE.
Icelandic genes, a very important database
To determine that this small of the genes of the Americas would have gone to Europe, researchers have used the database CODE family, which includes the genealogies of all Icelanders and up to 80% of Icelanders who ever lived.
This information is very useful for the study of complex genetic diseases. The population of Iceland (about 320000 inhabitants) is large enough for all disorders that affect the Europeans are present and, in turn, sufficiently small to be possible to control the genetic diversity.
Now scientists looking for some pre-Columbian line with the same genetic sequence. "So far we have fallen back to the early eighteenth century, but it would be interesting to find in Iceland oldest remains with the same sequence. First we should look in the same region from which the four families with Amerindian marker, since its ancestors should be buried there, "says Lalueza-Fox.
Reference works:
Sunna Ebenesersdóttir Sigridur, Ásgeir Sigurdsson Federico Sánchez-Quito, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Kari Stefansson and Agnar Helgason (2010): "A New subclades of mtDNA Haplogroup C1 Found in Icelanders: Evidence of Pre-Columbian Contact?" , American Journal of Physical Anthropology. DOI 10.1002/AJPA.21419.
Source: http://www.upf.edu/recerca/es/actualitat/1118.html
Hope you have been of great interest this information conducted jointly by researchers from the Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Joint Center Universitat Pompeu Fabra and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), in conjunction with the University of Iceland and the biopharmaceutical company CODE Genetics.
Until next time!
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